An Introduction To Traditional Logic: Classical Reasoning For Contemporary Minds by Sullivan Scott M

Author:Sullivan, Scott M. [Sullivan, Scott M.]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Published: 2017-07-08T16:00:00+00:00

Chapter 6 Summary

•The properties of propositions; opposition , conversion , and obversion allow one to restate the truth of one proposition in a different way and/or implicate the truth-values of other propositions

•Opposition is a property of propositions that arises from the different ways of affirming and denying the same predicate to the same subject. The relationships on the square of opposition show the four types of opposition; contradictory , contrary , subcontrary , and subalternation .

•Propositions with singular subjects or existence propositions, unless they contain temporal qualifiers, are not opposed with all four relationships on the square, but rather a simple contradictory opposition.

•Conversion is a process of switching the subject with the predicate, with the result being the converse of the original. E and I propositions convert simply, A propositions convert by limitation, and O propositions do not convert at all.

•Obversion is the process by which one states an equivalent proposition by denying the contradictory of the original proposition. Propositions are related through obversion by changing the quality and negating the predicate.

•Compound propositions contain two or more propositions. The propositions that are explicitly compound can be conjunctive, disjunctive, and conditional and each have their respective rules for their truth-value. The implicitly compound propositions are exceptive , exclusive , and reduplicative , and since they break down into conjunctive propositions, they follow the conjunctive rule for their truth-value.

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